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Descartes: Cogito Ergo Sum

Cogito Ergo Sum

• According to Descartes, cogito ergo sum or I think, therefore I am is not an inference but a simple fact of primitive knowledge. In other words, it is a self-evident axiom. It is not an inference because then it would be dependent on premises for its certainty and then again those premises would be dependent on other premises for their certainty.
• As a result, it would lead to Infinite regress and indubitable truth cannot be reached. According to Descartes, cogi…

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KC Bhattacharya: The Concept of Philosophy

The concept of Philosophy

• It is often believed that philosophy is a subject which attempts to construct or deconstruct the world-view.
• In the context of Indian philosophy, philosophy serves not just practical purpose or religious purpose in life.
• So, philosophy is understood as a subject which helps at freeing the man from suffering.
• This is possible via knowledge.
• In other words, the path leading to the state of complete freedom from suffering consists of knowledge.
• Knowledge is what that helps us to dif…

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KC Bhattacharya: The Subject as Freedom

The Subject as Freedom

• He makes a distinction between the perceived body and the felt body.
• According to him, the only way to realize freedom is when the subject first identifies itself with the perceived body and then with the felt body.
• The former is the body which is perceived externally.
• The latter is the body which is felt from within or internally.
• He says, when step one is done, the next step is that the subject has to disassociate itself from both, the perceived body and the felt body.
• He avers, “…

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the Concept of Self

The concept of self

• Iqbal states the organic view of man, and then refers to some of the interpretations of this view by the different sects and schools of Islam.
• In particular, he makes a mention of the views of Devotional Sufism.
• Especially, the famous expression of Hallaj- Anal Haq, or I am the creative truth.
• He tries to organised the salient features of all these ideas and then arrives at his own conception for the self.
• Anal Haq particularly seems to have provided to Iqbal the rudiments of his own …

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