Lecture 44 of 86: Disaster and Community Response (41 mins) | CUET (Common University Entrance Test) PG Social Work (HUQP21) | Complete Video Course 86 Lectures [43 hrs : 48 mins]

Details

What is Disaster?

Disruption on a large scale beyond manageable capacity

It can be defined as the destruction of stability of the social, economic, environmental, and political life of an area.

It can be divided into two categories: Natural and Man-made

It can occur in short periods or long periods

Difference between Man-made and Natural

Types of Disasters

Disaster management

As per Disaster Management Act of 2005:

Disaster Risk Management implies the systematic process of using administrative decisions, organization, operational skills, and capacities to implement policies, strategies and coping capacities of the society and communities to lessen the impact of natural hazards and related environmental and technological disasters.

Response to disaster

Global

National

State

District

Local: this is what we can call as Community response

Community Response

Where communities are equipped and prepared, disasters have a much lesser impact, especially in terms of the loss of lives‘ – United Nations’ Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR)

Community response should be the first and foremost response

The measure of reducing the risk of disaster will be helpful if bottom to top approach has been used by the management.

Otherwise in top to bottom approach it will be too late and the mitigation will be nearly impossible.

Community-Based Disaster Management (CBDM) promotes a bottom-up approach working in harmony with the top-down approach, to address the challenges and difficulties.

Components

Local people participation

Early and localised warning systems

Toolkits and equipment with local people

Funds and functionaries both

Indigenous knowledge and innovation both should be used

Provisions for community response

Disaster Management Act, 2005

Facilitates community training and awareness program

Bring together both governmental and non-governmental organization

Encourages voluntary participation by NGOs, social activists, etc.

National Policy on Disaster Management 2009

Emphasizes training, simulations, and mock drills of vulnerable sections.

2^nd Administrative Reforms Commission suggestions

Coordinate panchayats for location-specific training programs.

Same should be done in school, college, university, professional, and vocational education curriculums

Disaster awareness should be included in training programs for public representatives, civil servants, police personnel, and personnel in critical sectors such as agriculture, irrigation, health, and public works

The National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) and National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) would have to play a vital role in working out the details of these suggestions for implementation by different authorities

Disaster management plans should try to integrate traditional knowledge of the communities

Global Efforts

Sendai framework 2015 - 30

Hyogo Framework for Action 2005 - 15

Johannesburg plan of implementation 2002