Proofs for the Existence of God & Freedom and Necessity: Ontological Proof, Cosmological Proof, Proof Based on Eternal Truth, Proof Based on Harmony, the Concept of Freedom and Necessity

Proofs for the existence of God

Leibnitz gives four proofs for the existence of God, they are;

Ontological Proof

• Every monad has two aspects, actual and possible, activity and passivity.
• The less developed monads are more passive than active and the more developed monads are more active than passive.
• Similarly, the more developed monad is actual and the less developed monad is possible in nature.
• In the hierarchal series of God is the most developed monad, the actus Purus.
• God is the actus Purus, that is, …

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Descartes Metaphysics: Role of God

Role of God

• According to Descartes, there is one clear and distinct innate idea present in all of us, that is the innate idea go God. Descartes avers, there is one innate idea of a being who is eternal, omnipotent, omniscient, source of all goodness and truth, creator of all things.
• In short, it has in itself all the things which are tainted by no imperfections. Now, Descartes avers that what can be the cause of this idea? He says, the cause must be equal to the effect.
• So, human beings cannot be the c…

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