The Concept of Nyaya: Classification of Perception- Samanyalakshana Perception, Jnanalakshana Perception, Yogaja Perception

According to Nyaya, perception or Pratyaksa is considered to be the first source of knowledge or pramāna. Perception is a definite or true cognition of objects produced by sense-object contact. For example, the perception of the blue book in front of me is possible due to contact that occurs between my eyes and the object, the blue book.

According to Gotama, perception means non-erroneous cognition, which is produced by the inter-course of the sense organs with the objects. Perception deals with five…

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The Two Stages and Definitions by Different Nyaya Thinkers in Pratyaksa or Perception

The Two Stages and Definitions by Different Nyaya Thinkers in Pratyaksa or Perception

• According to Nyaya School, there are two stages of perception, namely, indeterminate and determinate perception.
• The former is also called Nirvikalpa and the latter is also called Savikalpa. It is important to note that these are not the two different kinds of perception. Rather, these are the two stages of perception.
• In other words, indeterminate or nirvikalpa is the former stage of perception and determinate or sav…

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