Genetic Code: Concept, Discovery of the Checker Board for Genetic Codon, Effect of Mutation

Concept of genetic code

• The concept of the genetic code refers to the set of rules by which information encoded in DNA and RNA is translated into proteins. It establishes the correspondence between nucleotide triplets (codons) and specific amino acids during the process of protein synthesis.
• George Gamow, a physicist, proposed that the genetic code should be composed of triplets of nucleotides (codons) to code for amino acids.
• Since there are four nucleotide ba…

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