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Multigene families are groups of genes within an organism՚s genome that share significant sequence similarities and often have related functions. These gene families have arisen through gene duplication events, where a single gene was copied and retained in the genome, leading to the presence of multiple copies or variants of that gene. Multigene families are common in many organisms and play crucial roles in various biological processes.
Gene duplication…

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An operon is a functional unit of genetic regulation found in prokaryotic organisms, such as bacteria and archaea. It consists of a group of genes that are transcribed together into a single mRNA molecule, along with the regulatory elements that control their expression. Operons allow bacteria to efficiently coordinate the expression of multiple genes involved in related biochemical pathways.
Promoter: A promoter is a DNA sequence located upstream of the g…

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